《东京梦华录》，宋孟元老撰。本书采用笔记形式，记录了北宋，主要是徽宗政和、宣和年间东京汴梁的方方面面，从都城城门建制、主要河道桥梁到皇宫建筑，从皇城内外官署方位到城内主要街巷、店铺，从朝会郊祭等朝廷大典到婚嫁产育等民间习俗，从饮食起居到岁时节令，从歌舞百戏到市井百态，几乎无所不包，描绘了东京汴梁这座十一世纪上半叶最繁华的城市，从中可以感受到宋代繁荣的都市经济与丰富的市井生活，是研究北宋都市经济文化的重要历史文献。《东京梦华录》作者孟元老为北宋遗民，此书撰成于南宋绍兴十七年，正是北宋灭亡二十年之际，所以书中也借记叙当年盛世繁华而一抒怅恨之情，因此在南宋偏安江南一隅、继而亡于蒙古铁骑的特殊时代背景之下，引发亡国之人的情感共鸣，南宋中后期出现的《西湖老人繁胜录》《都城纪胜》，以及宋亡之后追忆都城临安的《武林旧事》《梦粱录》等，均与其体例相承、手法相近、内容相仿，学界常将这些著作命名为”梦华体”，甚至直到晚明张岱的《陶庵梦忆》《西湖梦寻》，仍可视为《东京梦华录》之余绪。因此，从这个角度而言，《东京梦华录》不失为一部开宗立派的著述。在《东京梦华录》的”梦华体”表层叙事之下，还隐藏着孟元老二十余年目睹的徽宗朝桩桩件件历史事件。比如描写东京高大雄伟的城墙，隐含着徽宗采用蔡京的意见改筑外城，改太祖的曲折城墙为四面笔直，大大降低了其防御功能，靖康年间金兵攻城时，正因其笔直，一孢之下，整面城墙都摇摇欲坠。其他如在记述正旦朝会、南郊祭天等朝廷大典中，隐含着徽宗改制礼乐，新制《大晟乐》、改建新的三层祭天圜丘（青城斋宫)、颁行《政和五礼新仪》，颇有以圣君自命的意味。正是这表层与底层的叙事相结合，《东京梦华录》探讨了北宋百年繁华一旦兵火皆成梦幻的原因所在。
The Dream of Tokyo “, written by Song Menglao. This book adopts the form of notes to record various aspects of Bianliang in Tokyo during the Northern Song Dynasty, mainly during the reign of Emperor Huizong during the Zhenghe and Xuanhe periods. It covers everything from the construction of the capital city gates, main river bridges, to palace buildings, from the location of official offices inside and outside the imperial city to the main streets and shops inside the city, from court ceremonies such as suburban festivals to marriage and childbirth, from drinking, eating, living, and festivals to various forms of singing, dancing, and entertainment in the city, almost everything, Describing the most prosperous city in the first half of the 11th century, Tokyo Bianliang, one can feel the prosperous urban economy and rich urban life of the Song Dynasty. It is an important historical document for studying the urban economy and culture of the Northern Song Dynasty. The author of “The Dream of Tokyo”, Meng Yuanlao, is a survivor of the Northern Song Dynasty. This book was written in the 17th year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty, which coincided with the 20th year of the downfall of the Northern Song Dynasty. Therefore, the book also expresses feelings of regret by recounting the prosperous era of that year. Therefore, in the special era of the Southern Song Dynasty, which was in a corner of the Jiangnan region and later died in the Mongolian iron cavalry, it triggered emotional resonance among the deceased. The “The Prosperity and Victory of the Old Man in West Lake” and “The Record of the Capital City” appeared in the middle and later stages of the Southern Song Dynasty, After the fall of the Song Dynasty, the “Old Stories of the Wulin” and “Dream Liang Lu”, which were reminiscing about the capital city of Lin’an, were all similar in style, technique, and content. The academic community often named these works “Dream Hua Ti”, and even until the late Ming Dynasty, Zhang Dai’s “Tao An Meng Yi” and “West Lake Meng Xun” could still be regarded as the remaining thoughts of “Tokyo Dream Hua Lu”. Therefore, from this perspective, the “Tokyo Dream Records” can be regarded as a work of the founding school of thought. Under the surface narrative of the “Dream Hua Style” in “Tokyo Dream Hua Lu”, there are also historical events witnessed by Meng Yuanlao during the Huizong Dynasty over the past twenty years. For example, the description of the tall and majestic city walls in Tokyo implies that Emperor Huizong adopted Cai Jing’s advice to rebuild the outer city, and changed Taizu’s winding city walls to be straight on all sides, greatly reducing their defensive function. During the Jingkang period, when the Jin army attacked the city, due to their straightness, the entire city wall was shaking and about to fall. In other imperial ceremonies such as the New Year’s Meeting and the Southern Suburb Sacrifice to Heaven, it is implied that the Huizhou Emperor reformed the ritual and music, newly created the “Dasheng Music”, renovated the new three-layer Sacrifice to Heaven Circle Hill (Qingchengzhai Palace), and issued the “Zhenghe Five Rites New Ceremony”, which is quite indicative of the emperor’s self proclaimed status. It is precisely this combination of surface and bottom narrative that explores the reasons why the century old prosperity of the Northern Song Dynasty, once war and fire, becomes a dream.

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