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身无长物（拼音：shēn wú cháng wù）是一个成语，最早出自于南朝·宋·刘义庆《世说新语·德行》。
身无长物（长物：旧读 zhàng wù，多余的东西）指身边没有多余的东西，形容人除自身外东西极少。在句中一般作谓语。
南朝·宋·刘义庆《世说新语·德行》：“对曰：‘丈人不悉恭，恭作人无长物。’”
后世据此典故引申出成语“身无长物”。
东晋时有个人叫王恭，字孝伯，太原晋阳人，他出身高贵，父亲王蕴任光禄大夫，妹妹当了孝武帝的皇后。但王恭不是个轻浮子弟，很注重节操，从小就有好名声。丞相谢安很看重他，认为他将来会大有出息。他也自信才华过人，以后能辅佐君王治理国家。
在生活上，王恭非常简朴，他与同族的王忱很要好，二人都很有才名。王恭住在会稽，王忱住在都城建康。二人交情虽好，却不经常见面。一次，王恭随父亲到都城，王忱知道了，就来见他。二人交谈时，王忱看上了王恭坐的一张竹席，有六尺长，很精美。王忱想：王恭从会稽来，那里盛产竹子，这东西恐怕带得多。于是对王恭说：“你这竹席不错，能送我一张吗？”王恭表示同意。并马上把自己坐的那张竹席卷起来，让王忱带去了。过后，他在地上铺了一张草垫子，就坐在上面。
王忱听说后，很吃惊，赶来向王恭道歉：“真对不起，我还以为你不光只有一张竹席呢。”王恭不以为意地笑了笑，说：“我这个人，身无长物。”王忱见王恭生活简朴，对人又这样慷慨大方，更加敬重他。
王恭后来受到孝武帝重用，官至叔督、平北将军，实现了辅佐朝廷治理国家的壮志。
唐朝诗人刘禹锡在《乌衣巷》一诗中说：“旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家。”王、谢是东晋王朝的大贵族，作为王氏家族的一员，王恭还如此节俭，确是难能可贵。王恭从盛产竹席的会稽回来，带些那里的土特产应在情理之中，无可厚非，但他家中却没有一件多余之物。“俭以养德”是中华民族自古以来一直传承的优秀品质，无论何时，人们都应该勤俭节约，不可肆意挥霍、奢侈无度。
成文用法
“身无长物”指身边没有多余的东西，可用以形容人贫寒，家徒四壁；也可以用以形容人洒脱，不为外物所动。在句中一般作谓语。
运用示例
清·华伟生《开国奇冤·剩义》：“好在我身无长物，就带了那管秃笔，跑到了上海地方，东涂西抹，借资糊口。”
作家·端木蕻良《曹雪芹》：“今天，沈家茶馆靠门的那张方桌，坐着个络腮胡子的人，身无长物，只是在桌腿旁边放着一个琵琶。”
作家·陈凡《一个记者的经历》：“穿的就是一套泥黄色的军服，热天穿的是单衣，冷天穿的是军棉袄，此外就身无长物。”
Having no belongings (pinyin: sh) ē N w ú ch á ng w ù is an idiom that originated from Liu Yiqing’s “Shi Shuo Xin Yu De Xing” in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Having nothing to gain (long thing: formerly pronounced zh à ng w ù) refers to having nothing extra around one’s side, describing a person who has very little except oneself. Generally used as a predicate in a sentence.

Liu Yiqing of the Southern Dynasty, Song Dynasty, wrote in his book “Shi Shuo Xin Yu: De Xing”: “He said to me, ‘If my father-in-law does not know Gong, Gong as a person has no advantages.’

According to this allusion, the idiom ‘nothing’ was derived in later generations.

During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, there was a person named Wang Gong, also known as Xiaobo, who was from Jinyang, Taiyuan. He came from a noble background, with his father Wang Yun serving as a high-ranking official and his sister becoming the empress of Emperor Xiaowu. But Wang Gong is not a frivolous child, he values integrity very much, and has had a good reputation since childhood. Prime Minister Xie An highly values him and believes that he will have great success in the future. He is also confident and talented, and can assist the monarch in governing the country in the future.

In life, Wang Gong is very simple. He is very close to Wang Chen of the same race, and both of them are very talented. Wang Gong lives in Kuaiji, while Wang Chen lives in the capital city of Jiankang. Although they have a good friendship, they don’t often meet. Once, Wang Gong accompanied his father to the capital city, and when Wang Chen found out, he came to see him. When the two of them were talking, Wang Chen fell in love with a bamboo mat that Wang Gong was sitting on. It was six feet long and very exquisite. Wang Chen thought to himself, ‘Wang Gong came from Kuaiji, where bamboo is abundant. I’m afraid he brought a lot of this.’. So he said to Wang Gong, “Your bamboo mat is good. Can you give me one?” Wang Gong agreed. And immediately rolled up the bamboo that he was sitting on and let Wang Chen take it with him. Afterwards, he spread a grass mat on the ground and sat on it.

After hearing this, Wang Chen was surprised and apologized to Wang Gong, saying, “I’m really sorry. I thought you only had one bamboo mat.” Wang Gong chuckled disapprovingly and said, “I’m a person without anything.” Wang Chen respected Wang Gong even more when he saw his simple life and his generosity towards others.

Wang Gong was later placed in high position by Emperor Xiaowu, and was appointed as the uncle governor and general of Pingbei, achieving his great ambition of assisting the court in governing the country.

Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi said in his poem “Wuyi Lane”: “In the old days, the Yan in front of Wang Xie Tang flew into ordinary people’s homes.” Wang and Xie were the great nobles of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. As a member of the Wang family, Wang Gong was still so frugal, which was truly commendable. Wang Gong returned from Kuaiji, which is rich in bamboo mats, and it is reasonable to bring some local specialties there. It is understandable, but he did not have any extra items in his family. Frugality is an excellent quality that has been passed down by the Chinese nation since ancient times. At all times, people should be diligent and frugal, and should not be extravagant or extravagant.

Written usage

‘Having nothing to gain’ refers to having nothing extra around one’s side, which can be used to describe a person who is poor and has only a family of four walls; It can also be used to describe a person who is free and easy, and not moved by external objects. Generally used as a predicate in a sentence.

Application examples

Hua Weisheng of the Qing Dynasty wrote in his book “The Founding of the Country: Remaining Righteousness”: “Fortunately, I didn’t have anything, so I brought that bald pen with me and went to Shanghai, spreading things and borrowing money to make a living

Writer Duanmu Hongliang’s “Cao Xueqin”: “Today, at the square table near the door of the Shen family teahouse, there is a bearded person sitting without any belongings, only a pipa beside the table legs

Writer Chen Fan’s “Experience of a Journalist”: “Wearing a muddy yellow military uniform, wearing a single coat on hot days, a military cotton-padded jacket on cold days, and having nothing else

Knowledge知识 Record记录 身无长物：汉语成语

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可点 ➠ 2023年-05月-22日 ➠ 31 s ➠ ♥ 0