《形意拳术讲义》薛颠

2023年-05月-12日 ➠ 844 ➠ ♥ 0

Culture文化 Kungfu武学 94P 《形意拳术讲义》薛颠

薛颠（1887年－1953年），字国兴，河北束鹿县（今辛集市）理顺井人，少年时读过几年私塾，不久弃文习武，拜李振邦、薛振纲为师，学习形意拳。
薛颠少年时读过几年私塾，不久即弃文从武，投李存义门下，学习形意拳。他是李存义晚年最得意的弟子，李存义经常在人前夸赞他，认为他日后可以继承他的事业。薛颠心高气傲，自认为功夫无敌，某日与其师兄傅剑秋在山东客栈投宿时讲论武艺，被傅剑秋指出他不足的地方，薛颠不服，要求比试。他们在客栈房间中比试，薛颠被傅剑秋一掌打中，撞破了窗子，从二楼摔下去。薛颠引以为耻，于是不告而别，到了山西习武。
薛颠到山西之后，拜李洛能的孙子李振邦和薛振纲为师。又至五台山上潜修，在南峰得到一位一百三十岁、法号灵空上人的世外高人传授，学会象形拳。这十年之中，同门都不晓得他的下落。直到李存义过世，薛颠才回到北京，指名要与傅剑秋挑战，但李存义的大弟子尚云祥出面制止，阻止这场同门之间的比试，并由他作主，让薛颠接掌天津国术会。
薛颠接掌国术馆之后，变得非常和气，致力于教育形意拳的下一代。李存义生前的结义兄弟张占魁晚年身体较差，经济状况也不佳，薛颠每个月以自己收入的一半去接济他，也经常前往探视照顾，以晚辈自居。
1934年，加入一贯道，因为他名为颠，与自称济颠活佛的张光璧相同，为了避讳，由张光璧的小老婆孙素贞为他改名为薛洪，道名武德明。1938年，成为点传师。1939年，张光璧派他负责山西的传教事务，以太原为基地，领关帝下凡衔，任山西总柜总掌柜。
1953年，中国共产党发动反右运动（注：原文如此。应该是“镇压反革命”），薛颠因其信仰一贯道，被指称为“拳霸”，最终遭到逮捕枪毙。
“肩窝吐气”是薛颠讲过的练功口诀，气者，劲也。肩窝是张嘴，对着手臂吹气，劲就到了指尖，站桩，打拳都要这样。
尚云祥讲“轻出重收”，薛颠有自己的说法。“腾”，形意拳只炼向上的劲，从不练向下的劲，松了自然有沉劲。“蓄”，炼收，含着劲打拳，所以炼功架是不发劲的。发着力打拳，看着挺猛，打人身上就不好使了。“含着劲炼拳，兜着劲打人”。
打劈拳是，“肩井”如瀑布一样倾泄而下，是“重力”。对应“肩井”的是“涌泉”，打钻拳时，“涌泉”似喷泉般向上涌出，身势借着这股势头钻出。这种炼法可将意气劲合一。
薛颠在李存义门下，以身法快捷、有如鬼魅著称，擅长猴形，据说他曾经在师兄弟面前表演过，摆一张长板凳，之后以猴形穿梭在板凳之间，没有人可以看得清他的动作。他嗜武成痴，平日看来极为和气，像是教书先生，但是一动手起来，面貌颠狂，下手极不留情。
刘奇兰这一系的河北形意拳，原先以五行拳为主，并不重视十二形，但薛颠自李振邦处重新引进了十二形，在他之后，河北形意拳又开始学习十二形，在结合山西派与河北派武术上，薛颠有着极大的贡献。
薛颠另一个重要的贡献即是创象形拳。虽然他自称是从五台山僧人处学来，但是许多人皆认为是他自创所得。他提出“飞云摇晃旋”五法，为形意拳另辟新径。尚云祥认可他的象形拳，对于增长形意拳功力，有很大的助益。
但是因为薛颠被政府处决，犯了忌讳，经过文化大革命之后，他的弟子更是几乎消失殆尽，也让他的拳术因此而失传。
Xue Ding (1887-1953), also known as Guoxing, was born in Lishuanjing, Shulu County, Hebei Province (now Xinji City). He studied in a private school for a few years when he was young, but soon abandoned literature and practiced martial arts. He became a teacher of Li Zhenbang and Xue Zhengang and studied Xingyi Fist.

Xue Ying studied in a private school for several years when he was young, but soon abandoned literature and joined the ranks of Li Cunyi to learn Xingyi Fist. He was Li Cunyi’s most proud disciple in his later years, and Li Cunyi often praised him in front of others, believing that he could inherit his career in the future. Xue Dian was arrogant and believed that his martial arts were invincible. One day, while staying at a Shandong inn with his senior brother Fu Jianqiu, he was discussing martial arts. Fu Jianqiu pointed out his shortcomings, but Xue Dian refused and requested a competition. They were competing in the inn room, and Xue Dian was hit by Fu Jianqiu’s palm, breaking the window and falling off the second floor. Xue Dian felt ashamed and left without saying goodbye and went to Shanxi to practice martial arts.

After Xue Dian arrived in Shanxi, he studied under Li Zhenbang and Xue Zhengang, the grandchildren of Li Luoneng. Then he went to Mount Wutai to practice on the occult. At Nanfeng, he was taught by a 130 year old expert from the outside world with the name of Master Lingkong, who learned pictographic boxing. During these ten years, none of his classmates knew about his whereabouts. It was not until Li Cunyi passed away that Xue Dian returned to Beijing and was named to challenge Fu Jianqiu. However, Li Cunyi’s eldest disciple Shang Yunxiang intervened to stop the competition between his peers and let him take over the Tianjin Guoshu Club.

After taking over the National Art Museum, Xue Dian became very friendly and dedicated to educating the next generation of Xingyi Quan. Li Cunyi’s sworn brother Zhang Zhankui had poor health and financial condition in his later years. Xue Dian used half of her income to help him every month and often went to visit and take care of him, pretending to be a younger generation.

In 1934, he joined the consistent Dao because his name was Dian, which was the same as Zhang Guangbi, who claimed to be the Jidian Living Buddha. To avoid taboos, Zhang Guangbi’s wife Sun Suzhen renamed him Xue Hong and the Dao was named Wu Deming. In 1938, he became a point master. In 1939, Zhang Guangbi appointed him to be responsible for missionary affairs in Shanxi, based in Taiyuan, and led Emperor Guan to the rank of General Manager of Shanxi.

In 1953, the CPC launched an anti rightist movement. Xue Ying was accused of “boxing bully” because of her consistent belief, and was finally arrested and shot.

Breathing out from the shoulder socket “is a practice formula that Xue Dian once taught. Qi is the key to strength. The shoulder socket is like opening your mouth, blowing into your arm, reaching your fingertips with force, standing up, and punching like this.

Shang Yunxiang said “light production and heavy harvest”, and Xue Dian has his own statement. Teng, the Xingyi Fist only exercises upward force, never downward force, and naturally has a deep force when relaxed. Accumulate, refine, and engage in boxing with strength, so practicing martial arts does not exert strength. Putting a lot of effort into punching, it looks quite fierce, and it’s not easy to hit people. Practice fists with strength and hit people with strength.

When punching, the “shoulder well” pours down like a waterfall, which is called “gravity”. Corresponding to the “shoulder well” is the “Yongquan”. When drilling, the “Yongquan” flows upwards like a fountain, using this momentum to drill out. This kind of cultivation method can combine the energy and energy into one.

Under Li Cunyi’s sect, Xue Dian is known for his quick and ghostly body movements, and is skilled in monkey like movements. It is said that he once performed in front of his senior brothers, setting up a long bench, and then shuttling between the benches in the shape of a monkey. No one can see his movements clearly. He is addicted to martial arts and has become an idiot. He usually looks extremely friendly, like a teacher, but when he moves his hand, his face is crazy and his actions are extremely merciless.

The Hebei Xingyi Boxing of Liu Qilan’s generation originally focused on the Five Elements Boxing and did not attach much importance to the Twelve Shapes. However, Xue Ding reintroduced the Twelve Shapes from Li Zhenbang. After him, Hebei Xingyi Boxing began to learn the Twelve Shapes again. Xue Ding made great contributions in combining Shanxi and Hebei martial arts.

Another important contribution of Xue Ding is the creation of pictographic boxing. Although he claimed that he learned it from the monks of Mount Wutai, many people believed that it was his own creation. He proposed the five techniques of “Flying Clouds Shake and Rotate”, which opened up a new path for Xingyi Fist. Shang Yunxiang recognizes his pictographic fist, which is very helpful for increasing his pictographic fist skills.

But because Xue Dian was executed by the government, he committed a taboo, and after the Cultural Revolution, his disciples almost disappeared, which also led to the loss of his boxing skills.

笔记