如愿·莎士比亚全集10

2023年-05月-16日 ➠ 438 ➠ ♥ 0

Culture文化 Masterpiece名著 210P 如愿·莎士比亚全集10

《如愿》（又译《皆大欢喜》）是“许渊冲汉译经典全集”之一，也是莎士比亚著名的喜剧之一。剧情讲述被兄弟夺位并被流放的公爵之女罗瑟琳女扮男装到亚登森林中去寻找父亲，偶遇自己所爱的受到长兄虐待的奥朗多……最终受迫害的好人全都得到好报，恶人受到感化，有情人双双喜结良缘。
《皆大欢喜》是莎士比亚创作的“四大喜剧”之一，故事场景主要发生在远离尘世的亚登森林中。大约创作于1598-1600年间。
《皆大欢喜》主要剧情描述被流放的公爵的女儿罗瑟琳到森林寻父和她的爱情故事。剧名《皆大欢喜》表明剧中受迫害的好人全都得到好报，恶人受到感化，有情人双双喜结良缘。这反映了莎士比亚理想中的以善胜恶的美好境界。
弗莱德里克不顾兄弟情谊，篡夺了自己胞兄（即罗瑟琳的父亲）的公爵之位，把公爵赶走，使他被迫流亡在森林里。被放逐的公爵的女儿罗瑟琳与受到长兄奥列佛虐待的奥兰多相爱。但不久罗瑟琳也被叔父、篡位者弗莱德里克的放逐，不得已女扮男装逃亡到亚登森林，后来与奥兰多不期而遇。受到长兄虐待的奥兰多以德报怨，拯救了兄长，使奥列佛天良发现，并与罗瑟琳的堂姊妹、弗莱德里克之女西莉娅产生了爱情。他们一直和罗瑟琳一起生活在森林里，帮她寻找父亲。最终罗瑟琳在森林里找到了父亲，弗莱德里克受隐士点拨，翻然悔悟，将权位归还给了胞兄，奥兰多与罗瑟琳、奥列佛与西莉娅、牧人西尔维斯与牧女菲必、小丑试金石与村姑奥德雷四对恋人喜结良缘，以善胜恶，皆大欢喜。
故事背景
《皆大欢喜》取材于16世纪英国作家托马斯·罗奇散文体的牧歌传奇《罗瑟琳》，这种世外桃源式的吟咏牧羊人纯洁无限爱情的牧歌文学是欧洲一个源远流长的艺术传统。牧歌传奇在中世纪中断之后，文艺复兴时代重又兴盛。
个人背景
童年的莎士比亚就对周围的世界充满了好奇，这对他以后的文学创作起到了极大的作用。在斯特拉福有一条艾汶河，周围有一大片茂密的森林，莎士比亚从小就喜欢听长辈们讲有关这片森林和小镇的各种传说和神怪故事。据说著名的绿林好汉罗宾汉当年就在这片森林里出没。罗宾汉勇猛无敌，剑法高超，专好劫富济贫、除暴安良，因此深得民心。之后莎士比亚在他的喜剧《皆大欢喜》中还提到了这片森林和英雄罗宾汉。
莎士比亚小学6年级时他曾和一个叫罗瑟琳的女孩要好。罗瑟琳有点假小子样，两人常常爬过围墙到皇家园林里玩，看守人一发现就赶他们走。有一次，她扭了脚踝，他赶忙背起她，她亲了他一口。罗瑟琳日后成为他的剧作《皆大欢喜》里一个人物的原型。
As Wish “(also translated as” Everyone is Happy “) is one of the” Complete Works of Xu Yuanchong’s Chinese Translation Classics “and also one of Shakespeare’s famous comedies. The plot tells the story of the Duke’s daughter, Rosaline, who was taken over by her brother and exiled, disguised herself as a man and went to search for her father in the forest of Aden. She meets her beloved Orlando, who has been mistreated by her elder brother… In the end, all the good people who are persecuted receive good rewards, while the wicked are influenced. The lovers are both happy and married.

Everyone is Happy “is one of Shakespeare’s” Four Comedies “, mainly set in the distant forest of Aden. Created around 1598-1600.

The main plot of ‘Everyone is Happy’ depicts the love story between the daughter of the exiled Duke, Rosaline, and her father in the forest. The title of the play “Everyone is Happy” indicates that all the good people who are persecuted in the play receive good rewards, while the bad people are influenced, and both lovers have a happy marriage. This reflects Shakespeare’s ideal of conquering evil with good.

Frederick disregarded his brotherhood and usurped the position of Duke of his brother, Rosaline’s father, driving the Duke away, forcing him to flee into the forest. The daughter of the exiled Duke, Rosaline, falls in love with Orlando, who has been mistreated by his elder brother Oliver. But soon after, Rosalyn was also exiled by her uncle and usurper Frederick, and had to dress up as a man to escape to the Ardennes Forest. Later, she met Orlando by chance. Orlando, who was mistreated by his elder brother, returned good for evil and saved his brother. Oliver discovered it and fell in love with Catherine’s cousin, Celia, the daughter of Frederick. They have been living with Rosaline in the forest, helping her find her father. In the end, Rosalind found her father in the forest, and Frederick was inspired by the hermit to repent and return his power to his brother. Orlando and Rosalind, Oliver and Celia, Shepherd Sylvester and Shepherdess Phoebe, Clown Touchstone and Village Audrey tied the knot, winning over evil with good and everyone was happy.

Story Background

Everyone is Happy “is based on the pastoral legend” Roselyn “in the prose style of 16th century British writer Thomas Roach. This pastoral literature, which sings the pure and infinite love of shepherds in a secluded way, is a long-standing artistic tradition in Europe. After the interruption of pastoral legends in the Middle Ages, the Renaissance era flourished again.

Personal background

Shakespeare’s childhood was filled with curiosity about the world around him, which played a great role in his future literary creation. There is an Ivan River in Stratford, surrounded by a dense forest. Shakespeare loved to listen to his elders tell various legends and supernatural stories about this forest and town from a young age. It is said that Robin Hood, the famous outlaw, haunted this forest. Robin Hood is brave and invincible, and his sword technique is superb. He specializes in robbing the rich to help the poor, eliminating the evil and pacifying the good, so he is popular. Later, Shakespeare also mentioned the forest and the hero Robin Hood in his comedy “Everyone is happy”.

When Shakespeare was in the sixth grade of elementary school, he befriended a girl named Rosalyn. Rosalyn is a bit of a tomboy. The two often climb over the fence to play in the royal garden, and the guards drive them away as soon as they find them. Once, she twisted her ankle and he quickly picked her up. She gave him a kiss. Rosalyn later became the prototype of a character in his play “Everyone’s Happy”.