動物写生図- 桂川国瑞

2023年-02月-10日 ➠ 927 ➠ ♥ 0

Animal动物 Creation万物 19P 動物写生図- 桂川国瑞

分类 Animal动物 110篇中百篇内相关文章

《桂川国瑞动物写生图》这卷大致写于弘化三年（1846年）。它主要描绘了当时向日本进贡的一些海外动物，如阿丹国（今也门亚丁）的麒麟（长颈鹿）。事实上，永乐十三年十一月，榜葛剌特使来华赠送“麒麟”（长颈鹿）。还有雷鸟，阿兰陀（现荷兰）山马等。据说当时来日本的外国船只大约有两种，一种主要来自中国，一般涂成白色。另一艘是美国崛起的黑船。黑船的到来彻底动摇了垂死幕府的统治，开启了日本进入现代社会的新篇章，被称为明治天皇时期的“黑船来航”，日本坚定地崇拜和研究新世界。为了尽快推陈出新，日本新生的明治政府开始进行剧烈的改组，全面向西方学习。曾几何时，从政府到人民，齐齐都把目光投向了大洋西岸的新世界。明治政府开始分批聘请外国顾问。无论是那个国家，只要有技术、愿意参与日本新社会发展的人，都会受到尚佳的礼遇。在各行各业中，日本政府非常重视医疗、政治、教育和生物科学。除了雇佣外国人，日本岛还引进了许多只有外国才有的新动植物。这时（19世纪初），“博物志”和“生物学”开始在日本扎根。此时，除了新物种带来的“新奇”，日本学者也有了科学思维所激发的“理性”思维。在学者眼中，不再只有“高尚”、“谦虚”、“节操”等主观象征。在转型之初，很多人的定位是过渡性的。虽然在新文化的冲击下发生了变化，但身体强烈的传统意识对作者产生了持续的影响。
The volume of “The Painting of Auspicious Animals in Guichuan” was roughly written in the third year of Honghua (1846). It mainly depicts some overseas animals that paid tribute to Japan at that time, such as the unicorn (giraffe) in the country of Oman (now Aden, Yemen). In fact, in November of the 13th year of Yongle’s reign, Punggala’s envoy came to China to present “kylin” (giraffe). There are also Thunderbird, Arando (now the Netherlands) Mountain Horse, etc. It is said that there were about two kinds of foreign ships coming to Japan at that time. One was mainly from China and was generally painted white. The other is the black ship of the rise of the United States. The arrival of the black ship completely shook the rule of the dying shogunate and opened a new chapter for Japan to enter the modern society. It was known as the “black ship coming” during the Meiji Emperor period. Japan firmly worshipped and studied the new world. In order to bring forth the new as soon as possible, Japan’s new Meiji government began to undergo a drastic restructuring and learn from the West in an all-round way. Once upon a time, from the government to the people, Qi Qi set his eyes on the new world on the west coast of the ocean. The Meiji government began to hire foreign consultants in batches. No matter which country, those who have the technology and are willing to participate in the development of Japan’s new society will be treated well. In all walks of life, the Japanese government attaches great importance to medical care, politics, education and biological science. In addition to hiring foreigners, Japan has also introduced many new animals and plants that are only available from foreign countries. At this time (at the beginning of the 19th century), “Natural History” and “Biology” began to take root in Japan. At this time, in addition to the “novelty” brought by the new species, Japanese scholars also have the “rational” thinking inspired by scientific thinking. In the eyes of scholars, there are no longer only subjective symbols such as “nobility”, “modesty” and “integrity”. At the beginning of the transformation, many people’s positioning is transitional. Although changes have taken place under the impact of the new culture, the strong traditional consciousness of the body has a continuous impact on the author.