此本《Ornithologie/鸟类学》为18世纪法国最有影响的鸟类学者的书制作插图之一佛朗西斯科·尼古拉斯·马丁内特的一套包含174张插图的鸟类学版画。大约出版于在18世纪70年代。佛朗西斯科·尼古拉斯·马丁内特(约 1725–1804)是一位工程师和绘图员，他成为了一名刻版师，为丹尼斯·狄德罗和本杰明·富兰克林的著作以及18世纪法国最有影响的鸟类学者的书制作插图。 在马丁内特以前，插图制作者通常将鸟类描绘得不按比例、不正确或者是以僵硬、不自然的姿势描绘。 马丁内特在他的插图里引入了写实主义，显示了鸟类在它们的自然栖居中的野生状态。在18世纪70年代早期，他决定制作他自己的画版收集册，名为 Ornithologie: Histoire des Oiseaux, Peints dans Tous Leurs Aspects Apparents et Sensibles（鸟类学：鸟类的历史，它在各个方面的外观和感觉的画）。 马丁内特以这个标题出了两套画版：一套两卷的以对开页装订有超过200张没有配文字的画版；以及一套九卷的八开纸本，有着483张画版，配有他自己描写鸟类的文字。 两个版本都非常稀有。 这里展示的是一套不完整的对开页版本，包含174张插图，蚀刻版画，手工水彩彩绘。 每张版画有着包含鸟的法语俗名及附加文字的标题。 这本书印刷在优质蓝色棉纸上，柔化了对比给人创造出蓝天在鸟儿背后的效果。 阿丁内特大多数将鸟放置于树枝上或岩石上或长满绿草的山丘上，但几张最吸引人的版画包括了更完整的背景处理和鸟儿的自然环境。
This book “Ornithology/Ornithology” is one of the most influential ornithologists in France in the 18th century, making illustrations for a set of ornithological prints including 174 illustrations by Francesco Nicholas Martinette. It was published in the 1870s. Francesco Nicholas Martinette (about 1725 – 1804) was an engineer and draftsman, who became a engraver and produced illustrations for the works of Dennis Diderot and Benjamin Franklin, as well as the books of the most influential ornithologists in France in the 18th century. Before Martinette, illustrators usually depicted birds in an inappropriate, incorrect or rigid and unnatural manner. Martinette introduced realism in his illustrations, showing the wild state of birds in their natural habitat. In the early 1870s, he decided to make his own collection of paintings, called Ornithology: Histoire des Oiseaux, Peints dans Tous Leurs Aspects Apparents et Sensibles. With this title, Martinette published two sets of plates: a set of two-volume plates bound with opposite pages, with more than 200 plates without words; And a set of nine-volume, eight-part paper, with 483 painting plates, with his own description of birds. Both versions are very rare. What is displayed here is an incomplete folio version, including 174 illustrations, etched prints and handmade watercolor paintings. Each print has a title containing the common name of the bird in French and additional words. This book is printed on high-quality blue cotton paper, which softens the contrast and creates the effect of blue sky behind birds. Most of the birds are placed on branches or rocks or on hills covered with green grass, but some of the most attractive prints include a more complete background treatment and the natural environment of the birds.

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