故宫南熏殿历代帝王画像

2023年-09月-17日 ➠ 387 ➠ ♥ 0

Celebrity名人 Emperor帝王 144P 故宫南熏殿历代帝王画像

分类 Emperor帝王 23篇中百篇内相关文章

1747年的十月辛巳，乾隆在内务府库中发现一批来自前明留下的画像，这些画像以历代帝后的标准像为主，还杂以名臣圣贤画像，均描绘精致，不似民间所为。它们是明清易代之后，由清政府统一收贮在内务府库中，几十年来无人问津，“尘封蛀蚀，不无侵损”。于是皇帝下令，将这批图像统一装裱，在这个命令下达几天后，也就是十一月初六，这批图像被送到造办处的秘殿珠林处重新装裱。乾隆很关心此事，详细指示了装裱的等次，用料，颜色等细节。短短的一个月多，也就是十二月二十日，这批画就装裱完成了，并被奉藏在修整一新的南薰殿中。
为此，乾隆还作《南薰殿奉藏图像记》，刊刻于石，立在殿前。所以，这批画像又被研究者称为南薰殿图像。
蒋介石参观南薰殿皇帝画像
1945年，南薰殿的大部分画像都被运至中国台湾省，收藏在台北故宫博物院。剩余部分则分散藏在故宫博物院和国家博物馆。这些天正在国家博物馆展出的“妙合神形——中国国家博物馆藏明清肖像画展”中，就出现了几幅南薰殿旧藏帝王像。
收藏于台北故宫博物院的南薰殿图像，包括帝后像67轴，册页10册，《明太祖御笔》2册，明人《出警入跸图》2卷。其中《出警入跸图》是台北故宫所藏手卷画作中最长的两幅，人物众多，场面宏伟，更是历代绘画作品中少见的超级钜作。此外，台北故宫所藏历代帝后像中，以南薰殿图像中宋代帝后像最为完备，且颇多可见半身像与全身像是一致的，是探讨宋代肖像画的重要资料。
据台北故宫博物院公布的“权利的形状—南薰殿帝后像特展”展件清单，其中有九件被定为“国宝”级别，包括《夏禹王立像》，《宋代帝半身像册》中的宋仁宗，《元代帝半身像册》中的《元世祖》《元文宗》《元英宗后》《元帝后纳罕》，以及《明宣宗马上像》与明人画《入跸图》卷等；其余均为“重要古物”，包括《唐太宗立像》《宋英宗》《宋仁宗》《宋玄宗》《宋光宗等坐像》，《明太祖》《明宣宗》《明仁宗坐像》等。
In October 1747, on the Xinsi Festival, Qianlong discovered a batch of portraits left by the former Ming Dynasty in the internal affairs treasury. These portraits were mainly based on the standard portraits of emperors and empresses of previous dynasties, and were mixed with portraits of famous officials and sages, all of which were exquisitely depicted, not like those of the people. They were collected and stored in the internal treasury by the Qing government after the Ming and Qing dynasties, and have been neglected for decades. They have been “covered in dust and eroded, not without invasion and damage”. So the emperor ordered that these images be uniformly mounted. A few days after this order was issued, on the sixth day of November, these images were sent to the Zhulin area of the secret hall of the manufacturing office for re mounting. Qianlong was very concerned about this matter and provided detailed instructions on the mounting order, materials, colors, and other details. In just over a month, on December 20th, this batch of paintings was mounted and hidden in the newly renovated Nanxun Hall.

For this reason, Qianlong also wrote the “Record of Images in the Nanxun Hall”, which was engraved on stone and stood in front of the hall. So, this batch of portraits is also known as the Nanxun Hall images by researchers.

Chiang Kai shek Visits the Emperor’s Portrait of Nanxun Hall

In 1945, most of the portraits in Nanxun Hall were transported to Taiwan, China Province of China and collected in the Palace Museum in Taipei. The remaining parts are scattered and stored in the Palace Museum and the National Museum. In the “Miao He Shen Xing – Ming and Qing Dynasty Portrait Painting Exhibition in the National Museum of China” that is currently being exhibited at the National Museum these days, several old imperial statues from the Nanxun Hall have appeared.

The images of the Nanxun Hall, collected at the Taipei Palace Museum, include 67 axes of Emperor and Empress statues, 10 volumes of albums, 2 volumes of “Ming Taizu Yu Bi”, and 2 volumes of “Ming people’s” Police Entering the Palace “. Among them, “The Painting of Police Entering the Palace” is the two longest hand scrolled paintings in the collection of the Taipei Palace Museum, with numerous characters and magnificent scenes. It is also a rare super masterpiece in historical painting works. In addition, among the historical portraits of emperors and empresses collected in the Taipei Palace Museum, the images of the Nanxun Palace in the Song Dynasty are the most complete, and many of the busts and full body portraits are consistent, which is an important material for exploring portrait painting in the Song Dynasty.

According to the list of exhibits released by the Taipei Palace Museum, nine of them have been designated as “national treasures”, including the “Standing Statue of King Yu of Xia”, Song Renzong in the “Half Statue Book of the Song Dynasty Emperor”, “Yuan Shizu”, “Yuan Wenzong”, “Yuan Yingzong”, and “Yuan Emperor Nahan” in the “Half Statue Book of the Yuan Dynasty Emperor”, as well as the “Ming Xuanzong’s Horse Statue” and the “Entering the Palace Painting” in the Ming Dynasty; The rest are all “important antiques”, including the “Standing Statue of Emperor Taizong of Tang”, “Emperor Yingzong of Song”, “Emperor Renzong of Song”, “Emperor Xuanzong of Song”, “Sitting Statue of Emperor Guangzong of Song”, “Emperor Taizu of Ming”, “Emperor Xuanzong of Ming”, and “Sitting Statue of Emperor Renzong of Ming”.