故宫宽幅照片 – 全球珍藏

2023年-04月-25日 ➠ 543 ➠ ♥ 1

北京故宫是中国明清两代的皇家宫殿，旧称紫禁城，位于北京中轴线的中心。北京故宫以三大殿为中心，占地面积约72万平方米，建筑面积约15万平方米，有大小宫殿七十多座，房屋九千余间。
北京故宫于明成祖永乐四年（1406年）开始建设，以南京故宫为蓝本营建，到永乐十八年（1420年）建成，成为明清两朝二十四位皇帝的皇宫。民国十四年国庆节（1925年10月10日）故宫博物院正式成立开幕。北京故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，四面围有高10米的城墙，城外有宽52米的护城河。紫禁城有四座城门，南面为午门，北面为神武门，东面为东华门，西面为西华门。城墙的四角，各有一座风姿绰约的角楼，民间有九梁十八柱七十二条脊之说，形容其结构的复杂。
北京故宫内的建筑分为外朝和内廷两部分。外朝的中心为太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，统称三大殿，是国家举行大典礼的地方。三大殿左右两翼辅以文华殿、武英殿两组建筑。内廷的中心是乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫，统称后三宫，是皇帝和皇后居住的正宫。其后为御花园。后三宫两侧排列着东、西六宫，是后妃们居住休息的地方。东六宫东侧是天穹宝殿等佛堂建筑，西六宫西侧是中正殿等佛堂建筑。外朝、内廷之外还有外东路、外西路两部分建筑。
北京故宫是世界上现存规模最大、保存最为完整的木质结构古建筑群之一，是国家AAAAA级旅游景区，1961年被列为第一批全国重点文物保护单位； 1987年被列为世界文化遗产。
The Palace Museum in Beijing was a royal palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties in China, formerly known as the Forbidden City, located at the center of the central axis of Beijing. The Forbidden City in Beijing is centered around three major halls, covering an area of approximately 720000 square meters and a building area of approximately 150000 square meters. It has over 70 palaces of all sizes and over 9000 houses.

The construction of the Beijing Palace Museum began in the fourth year of the Yongle reign of Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty (1406), based on the Nanjing Palace Museum. It was completed in the 18th year of the Yongle reign (1420) and became the palace of 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties. On the 14th National Day of the Republic of China (October 10, 1925), the Palace Museum was officially established and opened. The Forbidden City in Beijing is 961 meters long from north to south and 753 meters wide from east to west. It is surrounded by a 10 meter high city wall and a 52 meter wide moat outside the city. The Forbidden City has four gates, with the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate to the north, the Donghua Gate to the east, and the Xihua Gate to the west. At each corner of the city wall, there are graceful turrets, and there is a folk saying of nine beams, eighteen columns, and seventy-two ridges, describing their complex structure.

The architecture inside the Forbidden City in Beijing is divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Court. The center of the Outer Court is the Taihe Hall, Zhonghe Hall, and Baohe Hall, collectively known as the Three Great Halls, which are the places where the country holds grand ceremonies. The left and right wings of the three main halls are complemented by two groups of buildings, namely the Wenhua Hall and the Wuying Hall. The center of the Inner Court is the Qianqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, and Kunning Palace, collectively known as the Later Three Palaces, which are the main palaces where the emperor and empress reside. Afterwards is the Imperial Garden. The Eastern and Western Six Palaces are arranged on both sides of the Later Three Palaces, which are the living and resting places for the Empresses. To the east of the Eastern Six Palaces are Buddhist temple buildings such as the Heavenly Dome Treasure Hall, while to the west of the Western Six Palaces are Buddhist temple buildings such as the Central Hall. In addition to the Outer Court and Inner Court, there are two parts of buildings: Outer East Road and Outer West Road.

The Forbidden City of Beijing is one of the largest and best preserved ancient wooden structures in the world. It is a national AAAAA tourist attraction. In 1961, it was listed as the first batch of key cultural relics under national protection; It was listed as a World Cultural Heritage site in 1987.