清醒梦 – 全球珍藏

2024年-02月-02日 ➠ 130 ➠ ♥ 0

► 站内排名：No.12094 ◄

清醒梦（Lucid Dreaming）是在做梦时保持清醒的状态，又称作清明梦、明晰梦。
清醒梦跟白日梦并不相同，清醒梦是做梦者于睡眠状态中保持意识清醒；白日梦则是做梦者于清醒状态中进行冥想或幻想，而不进入睡眠状态中。清醒梦一词首先由荷兰医生Frederick Van Eeden在1913年提出。在清醒梦的状态下，做梦者可以在梦中拥有清醒时候的思考和记忆能力，部分的人甚至可以使自己的梦境中的感觉真实得跟现实世界并无二样，但却知道自己身处梦中。后奥地利心理学家西格蒙德·弗洛伊德（Sigmund Freud）在其著作《梦的解析》中将清醒梦解释为“潜意识的强念力再现”，特指在大脑对某些事物拥有执念时，将把梦境由无意识混沌状态接管为半意识状态。
不少的大学对于清醒梦的技巧及影响进行持续的研究，同样研究更有一些如Laberge的The Lucidity Institute等独立机构进行。无任何已知情况显示清醒梦会对人类生理或心理上构成损害。然而，要分辨究竟清醒梦是否阻止了人从正常睡梦中获得良好睡眠，因清醒梦而损失掉睡眠感受和质量，还存在着一定的困难，从物质世界的角度看，等同于跟现实相对的另一个时空，现实以外的另一个世界，是精神意识感应或创造出来的空间。
第一本承认清醒梦独特及具科学研究潜质的书是Celia Green2003年的《Lucid Dreams》。回顾过去文献及他的新实验数据，Celia Green分析了这些清醒梦的主要特征，并下结论认为它们是跟传统正常的梦并不一样的种类。她预言它们跟快速动眼期有关。Celia Green也是第一个把清醒梦与假清醒联系起来的人。清醒梦科学上的首个支持在1970年代晚期由英国超心理学家Keith Hearne提出，自愿参与实验的Alan Worsley以眼球运动讯号在多重睡眠电图仪器中标出清醒梦开始的时候。哲学家Norman Malcolm2012年的议题《梦》中质疑这种方法的准确性，但这实验证明了在现实中可以做到的行为在清醒梦中同样可以做到。斯坦福大学的Stephen Laberge曾在他的博士论文中再度进行类似的实验。有趣的是，LaBerge对于Hearne和Worley之前类似的实验并无类似，可能与Hearne没有公开他的研究结果有关。
2021年2月19日，在线发表于《当代生物学》上的一项研究发现，处于睡眠状态或处于清醒梦中（能够意识到自己在做梦）的人也能够回答问题、进行简单计算。研究结果发现，在158次与做梦者的交流中，正确回答问题的次数为29次，占比约18.4％，错误回答次数占比约3.2%。最常见的结果是对提问缺乏反应，占60.1％。

Lucid dreaming is a state of staying awake while dreaming, also known as a clear dream or a lucid dream.
A lucid dream is not the same as a daydream. A lucid dream is when the dreamer maintains consciousness while in sleep; Daydreaming is when the dreamer meditates or fantasizes while awake, rather than entering a state of sleep. The term lucid dream was first proposed by Dutch doctor Frederick Van Eeden in 1913. In the state of lucid dreaming, dreamers can have the ability to think and remember clearly in their dreams. Some people can even make the feelings in their dreams feel as real as the real world, but they know they are in the dream. The Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud, in his book “The Analysis of Dreams,” explained lucid dreams as “the strong reproduction of the subconscious’s mental power,” specifically referring to the transition of dreams from an unconscious chaotic state to a semi conscious state when the brain has obsession with certain things.
Many universities are conducting ongoing research on the techniques and effects of lucid dreaming, with independent institutions such as The Lucidity Institute at Laberge also conducting similar studies. There is no known evidence that lucid dreams can cause physical or psychological harm to humans. However, there are still certain difficulties in distinguishing whether lucid dreams prevent people from obtaining good sleep from normal sleep, and whether the loss of sleep sensation and quality is due to lucid dreams. From the perspective of the material world, it is equivalent to another time and space opposite to reality. The other world outside of reality is a space created or sensed by spiritual consciousness.
The first book to acknowledge the uniqueness and scientific research potential of lucid dreams was Celia Green’s 2003 Lucid Dreams. Looking back at past literature and his new experimental data, Celia Green analyzed the main characteristics of these lucid dreams and concluded that they are different types from traditional normal dreams. She predicted that they were related to rapid eye movement. Celia Green was also the first person to associate lucid dreams with false wakefulness. The first scientific support for lucid dreams was proposed by British psychologist Keith Hearne in the late 1970s. Alan Worsley, who volunteered to participate in the experiment, used eye movement signals to mark the start of lucid dreams in multiple sleep electroencephalogram instruments. Philosopher Norman Malcolm questioned the accuracy of this method in his 2012 issue “Dreams”, but this experiment proved that behaviors that can be achieved in reality can also be achieved in lucid dreams. Stephen Laberge from Stanford University conducted a similar experiment again in his doctoral thesis. It is interesting that LaBerge did not have any similarities to similar experiments conducted by Hearne and Worley before, which may be related to Hearne’s failure to disclose his research results.
On February 19, 2021, a study published online in Contemporary Biology found that people who are in a sleeping state or in a lucid dream (able to realize they are dreaming) can also answer questions and perform simple calculations. The research results found that out of 158 interactions with dreamers, the number of correct answers to questions was 29, accounting for about 18.4%, and the number of incorrect answers was about 3.2%. The most common result is a lack of response to questioning, accounting for 60.1%.